What occurs after a made basket if a player was fouled?

The correct answer to what occurs after a made basket when a player is fouled is that the player is awarded one free throw if the shot is made, and two if missed. This situation is commonly referred to as an "and-one" in basketball. When a player successfully makes a field goal despite being fouled, they are given the opportunity to complete the play by taking an additional free throw. If the initial shot was a made basket, the one free throw represents the player's chance to convert a potential three-point play.

If the shot were missed, the player would instead receive two free throws if they were fouled in the act of shooting, as the foul still occurred while the shooting motion was taking place. This rule encourages players to continue to attempt their shots even when contact is made, acknowledging their effort and providing them with a chance to score additional points.

The other options do not accurately reflect the rules governing fouls in shooting situations. For instance, being awarded two free throws for a made basket does not adhere to standard rules, and awarding possession or saying no free throws are granted deviates from what is required when a player is fouled in the act of shooting.